Environmental Accounting

(Billions of yen)

		12 main manufacturing companies in Japan^※1			Group companies in Japan^※2
		FY2015	FY2016	FY2017	FY2015	FY2016	FY2017
Environmental conservation costs	Business operation costs	9.46	8.51	10.64	9.93	9.02	11.26
	Management costs	0.90	1.00	1.05	1.08	1.11	1.17
	Upstream/downstream costs	5.14	4.68	4.93	5.18	4.72	4.97
	Research and development costs	17.79	18.56	17.44	17.94	18.68	17.58
	Social contribution activity costs	0.13	0.14	0.15	0.14	0.14	0.15
	Environmental remediation costs	0.13	0.12	0.08	0.13	0.13	0.09
	Total	33.55	33.01	34.29	34.40	33.80	35.22
Effects of environmental conservation measures	Energy saving	0.93	1.02	1.11	0.96	1.23	1.17
	Resource saving	0.44	0.14	0.25	0.47	0.14	0.25
	Effects of reducing waste materials	0.04	0.03	0.03	0.04	0.04	0.04
	Sale of valued property	6.98	4.78	5.33	7.19	4.96	5.37
	Total	8.39	5.97	6.72	8.66	6.37	6.83

Note: These figures are based on Environmental Accounting Guidelines 2005, issued by Japan’s Ministry of the Environment.

Of the 14 main companies in Japan, refers to the 12 manufacturing companies excluding Aisin Development, a non-manufacturing company, and Art Metal MFG, which joined the AISIN Group in February 2017.
There were 33 companies in fiscal 2015, 31 companies in fiscal 2016 and 32 companies in fiscal 2017.