Environmental Accounting

(Billion yen)

		13 main manufacturing companies in Japan^*1			Group companies in Japan^*2
		FY2016	FY2017	FY2018	FY2016	FY2017	FY2018
Environmental conservation costs	Business operation costs	8.51	10.64	8.90	9.02	11.26	9.66
	Management costs	1.00	1.05	1.03	1.11	1.17	1.16
	Upstream/downstream costs	4.68	4.93	7.03	4.72	4.97	7.08
	Research and development costs	18.56	17.44	18.05	18.68	17.58	18.26
	Social contribution activity costs	0.14	0.15	0.21	0.14	0.15	0.21
	Environmental remediation costs	0.12	0.08	0.05	0.13	0.09	0.05
	Total	33.01	34.29	35.27	33.80	35.22	36.42
Effects of environmental conservation measures	Energy saving	1.02	1.11	1.29	1.23	1.17	1.66
	Resource saving	0.14	0.25	0.21	0.14	0.25	0.22
	Effects of reducing waste materials	0.03	0.03	0.05	0.04	0.04	0.10
	Sale of valued property	4.78	5.33	7.58	4.96	5.37	7.72
	Total	5.97	6.72	9.13	6.37	6.83	9.70

Note: These figures are based on Environmental Accounting Guidelines 2005, issued by Japan’s Ministry of the Environment.

Of the 14 main Group companies in Japan, refers to the 13 manufacturing companies excluding Aisin Development, a non-manufacturing company.
There were 31 companies in fiscal 2016, 32 companies in fiscal 2017 and 33 companies in fiscal 2018.